Deer Management News This Week

... Since 1915, Pennsylvania hunters have killed 17,492,302 deer, according to the Game Commission... [the report] ... in 1986, there were 1,000,000 deer hunters in Pennsylvania, while today there are around 740,000 deer hunters ... modern success rates are said to be comparable to the past...

State on the lookout for infected deer on area farms March 21, 2019 Michigan, Alpena News
... In an effort to reduce the incidence of bovine tuberculosis in Northeast Michigan, the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development has begun a program of regularly scheduled visits to area cattle farms to assess and reduce the number of deer coming into contact with local herds...

... that way of life could be threatened if new roads are built in the national forest surrounding Kake. Historically, large-scale industrial logging in the region damaged deer habitat and salmon streams...

Chronic wasting confirmed in a captive elk in Clark County March 20, 2019 South Dakota, Washington Times
... the owner of the 21-month-old female elk noticed the animal was sick and contacted his veterinarian ...

... A new study of deer numbers across the eastern United States has found that the arrival and establishment of coyote predators has not caused the number of deer harvested by hunters to decline... Previous studies of how coyotes might be affecting deer populations have produced inconsistent results...

A video summary of the research paper: “No Region-Wide Effects on White-Tailed Deer Following Eastern Coyote Colonization”


... Algoma Fish and Game Club (AFGC) is carrying out a grassroots, volunteer effort to stave off the potential starvation of deer in the Algoma District following a long winter of excessive snowfall... shipped to the Algoma District from Rack Stacker, a feed company based in Tweed, Ont. ...

... Through the end of February, 78 percent of the collared fawns and 94 percent of the calves were still alive.  That compares with 88 percent of the fawns and 97 percent of the calves surviving through February in 2017-18, and 55 and 80 percent in 2016-17...

Sportsmen groups sue over logging roadless areas near Helena March 20, 2019 Montana, Helena Independent Record
... groups say in their lawsuit that the Forest Service’s decision to log and burn parts of the roadless areas ... violates federal law, and that reductions in hiding cover for big game were not properly vetted and run counter to the forest plan...

... In addition to contradicting generations worth of fair chase ethics, the importation of cervid species like elk and deer would increase the likelihood that chronic wasting disease (CWD) will be introduced into Rhode Island's native deer herd... H5849 ...

The Moose: A Rare But Often Deadly Road Hazard March 19, 2019 Maine, HealthDay
... In Maine alone, there were nearly 50,300 collisions with deer and over 7,000 with moose between 2003 and 2017. Twenty-six of the moose collisions resulted in a person's death, as did 10 deer collisions. That means a human died in 0.37 percent of moose collisions, compared with 0.02 percent of deer collisions...

Game Commission releases 2018-19 deer harvest report March 19, 2019 Pennsylvania, PGC News
... 374,690 deer were harvested in the 2018-19 hunting seasons, which marks the highest numbers in 14 years...  topped the previous year’s harvest of 367,159 by about 10 percent... The buck harvest came in at 147,750 ..,

Deer Found Near Williston Tests Positive for CWD March 19, 2019 North Dakota, NDGF News
... A white-tailed deer found dead just south of Williston in late February has been confirmed positive for chronic wasting disease ... The deer found near Williston is the first documented case of a mortality due to CWD in North Dakota.  “All 14 previous detections were perfectly healthy-looking deer that were hunter-harvested before they got sick,” ..,

... The 10-day surveillance and collection project will cover a 2-mile radius surrounding the area where a wild doe, which tested positive for the deadly disease affecting deer and related animals, was found Jan. 23. The presence of CWD in the doe was confirmed Feb. 14...

Minnesota can be a national leader on CWD March 18, 2019 Brainerd Dispatch, By Rep. Josh Heintzeman 
...  I have introduced legislation that would establish a Chronic Wasting Disease Research Center at the University of Minnesota... would be tasked with developing solutions to control the spread of CWD and to study the impacts of the disease on wildlife health, human health, and farmed cervidae (deer farms)...

Wolf Expansion Could Be Curtailed  March 18, 2018 Montana, dtnpf.com
... When legal wolf harvests began in Montana and Idaho in 2009, wildlife advocates and some scientists argued their numbers would plummet. Hunters and trappers have since killed almost 4,400 wolves in the two states ... About 1,500 more were killed by government wildlife agents and property owners following attacks on livestock and similar conflicts.  But wolves are such prolific breeders that after each hunting season, their numbers bounced back the next spring...

Fight for Kansas deer tag transfers shifts to Senate March 18, 2019 Hutchinson News... When the state moved to a system 20 years ago that allowed landowners to sell deer permits to out-of-state trophy-seekers, the cost of hunting the same piece of land increased from $120 or less to $5,000 in one season ... Opponents worry that outfitters again will secure the hunting rights to large areas of land to market access to trophy bucks at a steep cost...

Bill resurfaces to allow importing elk on RI hunting preserves March 17, 2019 Rhode Island, The Providence Journal
... would allow shooting preserves of 500 acres or more in size to import “deer, elk, or other animals” for hunting... DEM is aware of the bill but hasn’t yet taken a position ...

... with storms dropping record snowfall across the state and ushering in frigid temperatures, the state’s wild herds are beginning to struggle ... The harsh weather is doubling down on the 2016 and 2017 summers, which both registered drought conditions near the Black Hills. Poor food in the summer means skinnier females going into winter ..,

CWD fears could hamper WV's elk restoration effort March 16, 2019 West Virginia, Charleston Gazette-Mail
... the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies ... consider the movement of live animals as “the greatest risk for CWD introduction into unaffected areas.”  Southwestern West Virginia, which received elk stockings in 2016 and 2018 from Kentucky and Arizona, is considered an unaffected area...

... The Alaska Department of Fish and Game raised concerns over losses to habitat. The state agency asked the Forest Service to minimize old growth clear-cuts to save deer... The Forest Service proposes to thin young forests to stimulate more undergrowth for deer to eat...

... HB 3396 introduced by Cyrier and SB 733, jointly sponsored by Sen. Charles Perry, R-Lubbock, and Sen. Pete Flores, R-Pleasanton — would allow the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department to charge a fee for participation in the agency’s Managed Lands Deer Program...

... If the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service moves forward with its plan to take the gray wolf off the Endangered Species list, it may be bad news for wolves around the country, but California wolves will still be protected under state environmental laws... Now more than 5,000 of the animals live in the lower 48 states ...

... The preliminary recommendation of the Vilas County DNR Deer Advisory Council (CDAC), meeting in Boulder Junction last week, was to continue the position to maintain the deer population ... The estimated population was 17,500 or 23 per square mile of deer range...

Advisory Board Gets Crash Course in CWD March 15, 2019 Alabama, DCNR News
... Alabama has long had regulations that banned the importation of live deer. The regulations were amended to prohibit the importation of deer carcasses.   ...“That is why we’ve had officers monitoring the highways and giving tickets to people who were bringing field-dressed deer in from out-of-state,” ..,

... After this winter’s moose survey, wildlife biologists said the western Upper Peninsula moose population is growing at a long-term average of about 2 percent each year, with an estimated 509 animals living in that part of the state..,

Deer, Elk In Wash. Struggling After Harsh Winter March 15, 2019 Washington, USA Patch
... The 2019 winter has been more severe than normal in February and elk and deer are at the lowest end of their nutritional state. It is thought that the fall drought, lack of fall green up, and the dry summer may have resulted in elk being in poorer than normal ..,

Returning Elk to the Southeast: A 20-year Retrospective March, 2019 Wildlife Management Institute
... the colonization and westward expansion of Europeans brought with them unregulated market hunting and significant landscape-level habitat changes that resulted in the extirpation of elk from the East. Prior to restoration attempts, the last known native elk harvested in the eastern United States was likely taken in the late 1800s...

Big Blizzards Tough On Mule Deer March 15, 2019 Wyoming Public Media
..."Down south . . . probably three-quarters of the fawns that entered winter have died, and the leading cause of death has been starvation or malnutrition," ... LaSharr said the herd in southwestern Wyoming close to Idaho and Utah was hit especially hard..,

Bobcats in Connecticut? Yes, They’re Everywhere March 15, 2019 Hartford Courant ·
... diet in Connecticut consists mostly of squirrels (43 percent), rabbits (20 percent) and deer (10 percent). Not normally scavengers, bobcats will feed on fresh road-killed deer in the winter ... as well as taking down smaller deer on occasion...

...  mandatory testing of mule deer killed by hunters will occur in rotating areas of the state over the next 15 years ... as of July, at least 31 of Colorado's 54 deer herds are known to be infected with CWD and at least 16 of 43 elk herds and two of nine moose herds are infected...

... the elk population is doing well in southeast Idaho... Data also indicates that southeast Idaho has an abundance of young mountain lions ...

Forest Service kills plan to seek oil, gas in Nevada's Ruby Mountains March 14, 2019 Nevada, Las Vegas Review-Journal
... “Public comments were nearly unanimous in favor of conserving the Rubies as an important place for wildlife, namely mule deer, sage grouse and trout,” ... the negative response to the proposal played a critical role in the decision to reject it...

More cases of CWD found: Here's what we know March 14, 2019 Mississippi, Hattiesburg America
... brings the total number of cases to 19 in six counties. The counties included are Benton, Issaquena, Marshall, Panola, Pontotoc and Tallahatchie...

... there were 172,040 deer harvested in the state. That figured represented a significant decline from the 186,247 deer that were checked in by hunters in the 2017-18 season... “The restrictions on public land likely had some impact, but most of our deer are taken on private land, and the private land harvest was only down about four percent,” ..,

   Over the past decade, abnormalities have been documented in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in west-central Montana. Hypotheses proposed to explain these anomalies included contact with endocrine disrupting pesticides, such as imidacloprid... Results demonstrate that imidacloprid has direct effects on white-tailed deer when administered at field–relevant doses...

Drought-Proofing Mule Deer Herds in Texas March 14, 2019 Texas, Land.com
...  the Lone Star State is also home to roughly 200,000 mule deer. The Trans-Pecos region supports the highest number ... what we can do to “drought-proof” these mule deer herds? The simple equation to the solution involves water, appropriate grazing practices, predator control and supplemental feed..,

Shorter, more limited mule deer hunts proposed March 14, 2019 Wyoming, Powell Tribune
... Seeking to protect migrating mule deer herds, the Wyoming Game and Fish Department is proposing some new restrictions for the 2019 hunting season in Upper Shoshone and Clark’s Fork areas... The reduced number of tags represents a large drop in revenue for the department ...

Time to feed the elk  March 13, 2019 Idaho Mountain Express Newspaper ·
... With our weather pattern predicted to remain cold, it is unlikely that early spring will provide any bare ground for deer and elk to feed in the north portion of our county... For every elk tag sold, $1.50 goes into a fund for feed...

... The former Tiburon man who shot and killed a doe and fawn outside his home in 2017 has pleaded guilty to five misdemeanor charges ...

... The "Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies Statement on Chronic Wasting Disease Etiology" affirms the theory that Chronic Wasting Disease is caused by a misfolded protein called a "prion."  The statement was approved during the 84th North American Wildlife & Natural Resources Conference last week...

State Agencies Step Back From Walker-Era CWD Regulations March 13, 2019 Wisconsin, Wisconsin Public Radio News
... The rule on carcass transport was scrapped before it was enacted ... requiring additional fencing were included in a broader permanent rule package, which faced stiff opposition from the deer farming industry... 

... Preliminary field visits to assess habitat quality found that many aspen forests and shrub communities are in late successional stages exhibiting reduced vigor and a lack of recruitment. In order to reverse this trend, vegetation manipulation techniques such as mechanical and chemical treatments, as well as prescribed fire will be used to rehabilitate degraded habitats. Implementation of this project across the landscape, with proper pre- and post-management, will enhance the quality of habitat for the iconic mule deer as well as for all animals...

A return to wolf hunting in Minnesota? March 13, 2019 Minneapolis Star Tribune
... Dan Stark, DNR large carnivore specialist, said Minnesota’s wolf population has been stable for many years, edging up when deer are abundant in northern forests and down when there’s fewer whitetails to prey upon. The most recent survey, conducted last winter, estimated 2,655 wolves in the state ..,

Elk, horses shack up together March 13, 2019 Wyoming, Jackson Hole News&Guide
... An on-again, off-again unofficial elk feedground in Buffalo Valley has been decommissioned for now. The result: dozens of elk scrapping for hay amid 80 horses... From the 1930s until 1973 a permanent Game and Fish feedground occupied the valley, and in its earliest days “deer, elk and moose” used it ...

... a total of 200 deer and 100 unborn deer were removed from Essex County South Mountain Reservation and Essex County Hilltop Reservation during the 12th Annual Deer Management Program...

Proposed law would make it legal to scavenge roadkill March 12, 2019 California, Mount Shasta Herald
... estimated that more than 20,000 deer are hit by vehicles each year in California’s roadways ... Senate Bill 395 would apply only to deer, elk, antelope and wild pigs...

Sioux Falls police remove 60 deer from the city March 12, 2019South Dakota, Argus Leader
... Sioux Falls police shot 60 deer in parts of the city ... The number is up from last year, when police removed 50 deer ...

... The sharp shooting would potentially be approved [byDNR]  if the city agreed to an urban hunt, likely a bow hunt ... Council members like Susan Mims said the majority of people she has spoken with do not want a bow hunt in the city...

Valley hunters enjoy good deer season March 12, 2019 Virginia, The Northern Virginia Daily
...  the last three seasons have seen a fairly stable harvest ... much of the Commonwealth experienced heavy rain and high winds on several of the big deer hunting weekends... the continued steady decline in the number of licensed deer hunters in Virginia ...

... tall fencing (1.8 or 2.3 m) did not provide significantly greater protection than shorter (1.2-m) fencing when the fenced areas were kept small... we show that low-stature fencing may also have application for protecting larger areas (≥0.8 ha) if the fencing is deployed around the perimeter as two low fences erected in parallel and with a small (3-m) space between them..

Deer open houses dates and times now available March 12, 2019 Minnesota DNR
... Starting March 18, area offices will be dedicating time for conversations about anything deer-related, including last year’s harvest data, potential season changes or the updated Chronic Wasting Disease Response Plan. Find out when you can stop by or call your local office by visiting the Deer Plan webpage.

... Most of the timber stand improvement is achieved by identifying mast producing trees, like oaks and walnuts, or other target trees and getting rid of the trees around it that are competing for sunlight...  forest with a healthy mast production will benefit acorn eaters, like deer ...

Hunter group to present on safe animal migration March 12, 2019 Oregon, Albany Democrat Herald
... House Bill 2834 proposes that the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife and ODOT collect data to implement a plan known as the Wildlife Corridor and Safe Road Crossing Action Plan... approximately 7,000 deer struck and killed each year on the state’s roadways...

VTDigger
...  There are currently around 130,000 white-tailed deer in Vermont, according to the department ... Starting in 2005, hunters could not take bucks without at least two points on one antler... proposed the annual per hunter buck limit be reduced from two to one, while the antler point restriction be eliminated in parts of the state with “big tracts of forest,” ...

New plan addresses Chronic Wasting Disease March 11, 2019 Colorado, Sterling Journal-Advocate
... Some of these tactics include changing the buck-to-doe ratio, increasing harvest, and issuing more late-season tags for specific GMUs. For a complete list of tactics, see pages 23 - 28 of the CWD Response Plan...

WVDNR to hold sectional regulation meetings March 10, 2019 West Virginia, Williamson Daily News
...  lowering the buck harvest limit from 3 antlered bucks to 2 is being discussed  ... establishment of the Little Kanawha Wildlife Area in Wirt and Calhoun counties as an older-age deer management area. If this proposal passes, there will be antler restrictions in place on the WMA to allow the bucks to get a little older...

MDC could raise minimum acreage for free permits March 9, 2019 Missouri, Fulton Sun
A healthy deer density in Missouri is about one deer per 20-25 acres 
...A healthy deer density in Missouri is about one deer per 20-25 acres [25.6 to 32 deer per square mile]  — in other words, the 5-acre threshold doesn't reflect actual wildlife habitat needs...

2018-19 Bear, deer and turkey harvest data announced March 8, 2019 Virginia, The Daily Progress
...During the deer hunting season that ended on January 5 (so, excluding the late urban archery seasons), hunters harvested 190,636 deer in Virginia, including 96,239 antlered bucks, 12,342 button bucks, and 82,055 does. This data shows a slight increase in harvest over last year’s numbers, but is still lower than the 15-year average...

... “In Southeast Idaho between 2012 and 2016 the mule deer population was doing really well so it would make sense that the mountain lion population was doing really well as a result of that,” Lockyer said. “Then we had that really bad winter two years ago, [2016-17] we lost a lot of mule deer and we’ve been getting more lion calls ever since.” ...

Climate change effects on deer and moose in the midwest SR Weiskopf, OE Ledee, LM Thompson - The Journal of Wildlife Management, 2019
... Warmer temperatures and decreasing snowpack in the region favor survival of white‐tailed deer. In contrast, moose may become physiologically stressed in response to warming ...  projections suggest that deer populations will increase in response to climate change and moose populations will decrease...

... logistic regression model revealed that an increasing area of open habitats was positively correlated with the probability of roe deer occurring. However, the artificial lighting at night was negatively correlated with the probability of the species occurring ...

DNR issuing supplemental deer feeding permits in southern UP counties March 8, 2019 Michigan, UpperMichigansSource.com
... The action comes with average U.P. snow depths measured across the region nearly double that of a 15-year average for late February and March... when conditions suggest the potential exists for significant winter deer mortality, regulated supplemental feeding is authorized by the DNR ...

Mule deer buck shot by authorities north of TRF had brain worm March 8, 2019 Minnesota, Alexandria Echo Press
...  shot in January north of Thief River Falls ... The mule deer also was tested for chronic wasting disease, and test results in early February came back negative...

This deer went on a journey like no other March 8, 2019 Mississippi, Jackson Clarion Ledger
..."The total lengths of both of those home ranges is typically two to three kilometers up to about six at the higher end," Jones said. "He's off the charts at 22...  walked through the town of Bentonia. And he survived many potential perils along the way including US 49 where dead deer are a common sight...

Nebraska mule deer receive monitoring devices March 8, 2019, 1011now
...  a helicopter capture crew caught them ... should contribute broadly to understanding factors that limit mule deer populations across their range ...

Deer Council seeks info on local deer herd March 8, 2019 Wisconsin, Kenosha News
... the county is still operating under a three-year deer management plan that calls for the size of the herd to be increased. As a result, no bonus antlerless tags have been issued...

Hunters gather in Jefferson County, protest deer removal plans March 8, 2019 Pennsylvania, WJAC Johnstown
... Local hunters are fighting back against the Pennsylvania Game Commission's plan to reduce the deer population in Clearfield and Jefferson counties because of chronic wasting disease...

... a number of experts from the University of Minnesota pressed upon lawmakers that the disease should be treated as a public health issue — a major expansion of its current scope as mostly a wildlife and hunting concern... the disease is spread via extremely hardy protein cells, known as prions ...

... lawmakers proposed setting a moratorium on new deer farms that can open in Minnesota and offering buyouts for existing ones. They also proposed requiring cervid farmers to euthanize their herds if a deer was found to have CWD...

... “They are starting to die from malnutrition and we need this snow to melt off so they can get to green vegetation. In some areas, we have really good winter range and they haven't lost weight as quickly,” Brock McMillian, BYU professor ...





Searching the internet to find and conserve deer information.  

Deer in the News

Deer rescued from frozen Derry pond, then euthanized March 19, 2019 New Hampshire, New Hampshire Union Leader
...  Firefighters and police rescued a deer from a frozen pond Tuesday morning, only to euthanize it after determining it had suffered a mortal wound overnight...

Residents rally to pull deer from Lake Erie March 14, 2019 Ohio, Chronicle Telegram
... able to tie a rope around it and the two men dragged it onto the boat. That’s when they noticed it had suffered a badly broken front leg...  the Ohio Department of Natural Resources doesn’t allow people to have deer as pets, so the only option was to euthanize it...

Captured these two white-tailed deer bucks jumping over my fence. Recorded with a Phantom Miro 321 at 900 images per second. - March 15, 2019


Missing dog forms friendship with deer March 7, 2019 Manitoba, Winnipeg CTV News
  ... Koda returned safely, but Howatt said she kept leaving for a several hours every few days...  The game camera caught the husky sleeping, eating, and playing with the buck during the time she was missing...

Tesla Model 3 - Driver Avoids Deer - March 12, 2019


BABY DEER 4 WEEKS OLD BECOMES AN 8 POINT BUCK Watch HIM GROW! My family took care of this abandon baby deer. Feeding him goat milk every 4 hours until he was healthy again. We named him AARON. He left at 6 months old but returned regularly for food and treats. DEER LIKED TO PLAY WITH SOCCER BALL. He turned into a beautiful 8 point buck. This was a GREAT EXPERIENCE! - March 11, 2019


Canon City wants suggestions to name albino deer  March 6, 2019 Colorado, KRDO 
... embracing its stark-white mascot, and now there's a poll to name the famous albino white deer ...  
  Albino deer becoming a regular in Canon City March 5, 2019 Colorado, KRDO
... The city council instated a Deer Harvest program due to overpopulation problems, especially on the east side. However, in that ordinance, the albino deer is off limits to licensed hunters...

Tiburon, Public apology ordered for man sentenced for killing doe, fawn in Tiburon yard March 5, 2019, California, ABC7 San Francisco
... shot and killed a mother deer and her fawn on his Tiburon property has been sentenced to 30 days in jail...  do community service, and give a public apology...
     Tiburon deer killer pleads guilty, apologizes to Marin March 5, 2019 California, Marin Independent Journal
... accepted a plea deal that carries no extra jail time but requires 30 days of home detention. The agreement also requires Dickinson to give up his guns during his three-year probation period and involves more than $25,000 in payments...

Albino deer becoming a regular in Canon City March 5, 2019 Colorado, KRDO
... The city council instated a Deer Harvest program due to overpopulation problems, especially on the east side. However, in that ordinance, the albino deer is off limits to licensed hunters...

... “Wintering big game animals are very susceptible to any kind of disturbance whether it is from passing motorists, domestic dogs, predators or shed hunters in late winter and early spring,” ...

... “We allow archery hunting in the city with elevated stands. And, they have to go through a process. He kind of side-stepped the issue where he didn't exactly follow the rules." ...

Peterborough firefighters responded to the corner of Park St and Cameron St after somebody called in reporting a deer stuck out on the ice of the Otonabee River. It seemed the deer had fallen through several times and was just laying on the ice when they arrived. Firefighters were setting to do an ice rescue when the deer fell through the ice again, after struggling for a minute or two it was able to get back onto the ice and walk to shore. - February 27, 2019


Staggering Deer Population in Eden, SD February 21, 2019 South Dakota, KELOLAND News 
... "In the morning when you get up, there's 40 or 50 of them lying on the streets in town... If you ask the locals, the newcomers that gather here are "deerly" beloved...

Whitefish Fire Department rescued a deer that fell through the ice into the Whitefish River on February 22, 2019 - Montana


Greetings from the UP, where winter is just a state of mind February 18, 2019 Michigan, Lansing State Journal
... "you go to the local pub, order a pizza and sit in the back and watch the deer ...There's a donation canister to buy food for the deer." ...

Elk in Wyoming The Wapiti of Jackson Hole(1939) USDA


Huge deer herd outside of Park City, Utah - February 19, 2019


The Post-Star 
... It had just fallen on the ice and could not get traction to get up. He picked it up, and for the most part, it allowed him to carry it off the ice...

Maine Wildlife Park's 'most excellent moose' has died February 14, 2019 Bangor Daily News
... For nearly 14 years, George the Moose has fascinated visitors to the Maine Wildlife Park ... found with his sister ... stranded on the banks of the St. John River ... mother nowhere to be found ...

Olathe deer rescued from manhole February 11, 2019 Kansas, KCTV5 News 
... “It was kind of panicking when it saw us. It was going around in circles and circles,”  ... used a catch pole to lift the doe to the surface...

Albino deer shot with pellet gun in Cambria County February 8, 2019 Pennsylvania, WTAJ - www.wearecentralpa.com
... An albino deer was shot with a pellet gun and left to lay in the woods ... 


Herd of elk raising concern near Rexburg/Sugar City February 7, 2019 Idaho, Idaho Fish and Game
... On Feb. 4 a herd of about 100 elk wandered into a rural area between Sugar City and Rexburg ... “They are in a tough spot to move given their proximity to Highway 20, Highway 33 and the high density of fences in the area,” ...

Firefighters rescue deer stuck on Lake Zoar February 3, 2019 Connecticut, CT Post
...  the deer had wandered onto a part of the lake that was still frozen, gotten about 500 feet from shore, lost traction and fell. She tried repeatedly to get up, but couldn’t...