Oregon Deer Population:   An estimated 477,000 deer in 2024 down slightly from the 2023 estimate of 483,000.  A modest decrease of the blacktail population to 322,00 in 2024, an estimate based on hunting data, and a stable mule deer population of about 155,000 estimated by the state. The blacktail population has been roughly stable for the past three years.  Reversing a long term population decline, the state estimates the mule deer population rose to 171,658 in 2025.  About 460,000 deer in 2022 with a state estimate of 161,412 mule deer and an estimated 298,000 blacktails.  


Deer populations have been on a long general decline from year 1998 when there were state estimates of 260,100 mule deer and 387,000 blacktails for a total of 647,100 deer.  The state estimated 450,000 blacktail deer in 1979.


Heavy snowfall in 2019 and a late winter reduced fawn numbers in many regions.   A mild 2017-18 winter resulted in good survival, but drought in the summer reduced herds in Central and Eastern Oregon.  An estimated 540,000 deer in 2015.  A harsh 2016-17 winter in parts of the state reduced the population.  The state has a small population of Columbian white-tailed deer and less than 15,000 white-tail deer in the eastern part of the state in 2021.  The Oregon deer population has been in a long decline since the 1960's. Oregon 2025 Big Game Forecast


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