Montana Deer Population  For 2024 the state estimated a total of 449,157 deer, about the same as last year but a continuing decline of mule deer to 249,157 and an increase in whitetails to 200,000.  The state estimated a total deer population of 449,464 in 2023 with 193,475 whitetails and 255,989 mule deer. Down from 468,429 deer in 2022 with 206,653 whitetails and 261,776 mule deer.  The recent peak population in 2017 was 621,301 deer with 235,126 whitetails and 386,175 mule deer. Populations fell after a severe 2023 winter -- drought and disease in 2022.  Another harsh winter in 2017-18.  Mule deer populations have been in a long decline since the 1970's. The 2025 Big Game Forecast    2024 Spring Survey   


Montana Deer News